运维笔记

centos校准系统时间

Wed, 17 Jun 2026 20:10:46 +0800

1.安装chorony

yum install -y chrony

2.配置chorony文件

vi /etc/chrony.conf

在最后添加

pool ntp.aliyun.com iburst
pool ntp.tencent.com iburst

3.启动服务然后等一会

systemctl start chronyd

centos stream 9 更换阿里源

Fri, 22 May 2026 14:51:19 +0800

CentOS9操作系统yum源配置文件主要有两个，分别是centos.repo和centos-addons.repo

centos.repo 配置文件是 CentOS 系统中用于配置 yum 软件仓库（repository）的文件。这个文件定义了 yum 从哪些 URL 地址获取软件包。
路径：/etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo

centos-addons.repo 配置文件是 CentOS 系统中用于配置额外软件仓库（repository）的 yum 配置文件。这个文件允许用户添加除了基础仓库之外的额外软件包源，以便安装那些不在基础仓库中的软件包。
路径：/etc/yum.repos.d/centos-addons.repo

备份文件

# 备份 centos.repomv /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo.backup

#备份 centos-addons.repomv /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-addons.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-addons.repo.backup

修改yum源

新建/etc/yum.repos.d/centos.repo 文件和 /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-addons.repo文件

centos.repo文件内容

[baseos]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=1

[baseos-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS - Debug

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[baseos-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS - Source

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/BaseOS/source/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[appstream]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - AppStream

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=1

[appstream-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - AppStream - Debug

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[appstream-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - AppStream - Source

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[crb]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - CRB

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/CRB/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=0

[crb-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - CRB - Debug

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/CRB/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[crb-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - CRB - Source

baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/CRB/source/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

centos-addons.repo文件内容

[highavailability]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - HighAvailability

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/HighAvailability/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=0

[highavailability-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - HighAvailability - Debug

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/HighAvailability/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[highavailability-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - HighAvailability - Source

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/HighAvailability/source/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[nfv]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - NFV

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/NFV/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=0

[nfv-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - NFV - Debug

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/NFV/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[nfv-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - NFV - Source

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/NFV/source/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[rt]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - RT

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/RT/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=0

[rt-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - RT - Debug

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/RT/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[rt-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - RT - Source

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/RT/source/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[resilientstorage]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - ResilientStorage

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/ResilientStorage/$basearch/os/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=0

[resilientstorage-debug]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - ResilientStorage - Debug

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/ResilientStorage/$basearch/debug/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[resilientstorage-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - ResilientStorage - Source

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/$stream/ResilientStorage/source/tree/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

[extras-common]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - Extras packages

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/SIGs/$stream/extras/$basearch/extras-common/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-SIG-Extras-SHA512

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

countme=1

enabled=1

[extras-common-source]

name=CentOS Stream $releasever - Extras packages - Source

baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-stream/SIGs/$stream/extras/source/extras-common/

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-SIG-Extras-SHA512

gpgcheck=1

repo_gpgcheck=0

metadata_expire=6h

enabled=0

yum源生效

yum clean all
yum makecache
yum update

Centos测试磁盘读写速度

Mon, 30 Mar 2026 19:54:07 +0800

1.测试磁盘写速度

time dd if=/dev/zero of=test.dd bs=1M count=2000

2.测试磁盘读速度

time dd if=test.dd of=/dev/null bs=1M

win10系统hiberfil.sys文件占用大量空间

Wed, 04 Mar 2026 11:06:26 +0800

管理员运行命令提示符(cmd)

输入powercfg -h off

windows远程连接上不操作过几分钟就锁屏解决方法

Mon, 09 Feb 2026 08:14:41 +0800

win+r输入gpedit.msc

用户配置 → 管理模板 → 控制面板 → 个性化
启用屏幕保护程序" → 已禁用
密码保护屏幕保护程序" → 已禁用
屏幕保护程序超时" → 设置为 0

然后powershell里输入下边的更新策略就好了
gpupdate /force /target:computer
gpupdate /force /target:user

exsi配置完IP重启掉IP解决方法

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 10:35:15 +0800

1.配置完IP之后退回到最开始界面，按F12选中可选项，按F11重启检查下是否保存上

esxi 激活许可证

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 10:31:18 +0800

1.web登录进入- 管理-许可-分配许可证-填写许可证-检查许可证-分配许可证即可

ESXi 8.0

4V492-44210-48830-931GK-2PRJ4

4F40H-4ML1K-M89U0-0C2N4-1AKL4

HG00K-03H8K-48929-8K1NP-3LUJ4

ESXi 7.0

JJ2WR-25L9P-H71A8-6J20P-C0K3F

HN2X0-0DH5M-M78Q1-780HH-CN214

JH09A-2YL84-M7EC8-FL0K2-3N2J2

HH4RM-FGL9J-08R61-0JA0P-2TUNL

JA0W8-AX216-08E19-A995H-1PHH2

JU45H-6PHD4-481T1-5C37P-1FKQ2

1U25H-DV05N-H81Y8-7LA7P-8P0N4

HV49K-8G013-H8528-P09X6-A220A

1G6DU-4LJ1K-48451-3T0X6-3G2MD

5U4TK-DML1M-M8550-XK1QP-1A052

esxi 添加新硬盘

Wed, 03 Dec 2025 10:25:21 +0800

1.web登录进去--点存储--设备 2.选中一块硬盘，看下选择没有系统的那一块，清除分区表3.添加容量，下一步下一步到最后就完成了，点主机查看存储容量

debian安装时通过创建lvm组合并多块硬盘

Sun, 16 Nov 2025 11:28:08 +0800

1.到分盘界面选手动分区

2.如果硬盘原本有分区，直接选中回车清空分区

3.创建VG组

4.创建LVM卷，这里要创建swap，/boot和/ 的LVM

5.创建好lvm后，给每个lvm分配挂载目录

ubuntu安装时通过创建lvm组合并多块硬盘

Wed, 05 Nov 2025 02:12:29 +0800

到分盘界面选择 Custom storage layout 自定义存储布局
硬盘原本有分区的话，先清空分区。选择硬盘-->Reformat-->Reformat
清空完分区后，选择第一块硬盘当启动硬盘，添加引导分区，成功后下边会显示引导分区。选择硬盘-->Use As Boot Device
将所有硬盘剩余空间添加为GPT分区。具体步骤：free space-->Add GPT Partition-->Format选择Leave unformatted-->Create
选择Create volume group(LVM)，创建LVM组，并将所有硬盘选中加入到LVM组中
创建成功后在逻辑组剩余空间中创建基本分区（/boot,swap，/）。free space-->Create Logical Volume
分好区后如下图所示

运维笔记

centos校准系统时间

centos stream 9 更换阿里源

备份文件

修改yum源

centos.repo文件内容

centos-addons.repo文件内容

yum源生效

Centos测试磁盘读写速度

win10系统hiberfil.sys文件占用大量空间

windows远程连接上不操作过几分钟就锁屏解决方法

exsi配置完IP重启掉IP解决方法

esxi 激活许可证

esxi 添加新硬盘

debian安装时通过创建lvm组 合并多块硬盘

ubuntu安装时通过创建lvm组合并多块硬盘

debian安装时通过创建lvm组合并多块硬盘